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Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard


The curfew tolls the knell of parting day,
        The lowing herd wind slowly o'er the lea,
    The plowman homeward plods his weary way,
        And leaves the world to darkness and to me.

    Now fades the glimm'ring landscape on the sight,
        And all the air a solemn stillness holds,
    Save where the beetle wheels his droning flight,
        And drowsy tinklings lull the distant folds;

    Save that from yonder ivy-mantled tow'r
      The moping owl does to the moon complain
  Of such, as wand'ring near her secret bow'r,
      Molest her ancient solitary reign.

  Beneath those rugged elms, that yew-tree's shade,
      Where heaves the turf in many a mould'ring heap,
  Each in his narrow cell for ever laid,
      The rude forefathers of the hamlet sleep.

  The breezy call of incense-breathing Morn,
      The swallow twitt'ring from the straw-built shed,
  The cock's shrill clarion, or the echoing horn,
      No more shall rouse them from their lowly bed.

  For them no more the blazing hearth shall burn,
      Or busy housewife ply her evening care:
  No children run to lisp their sire's return,
      Or climb his knees the envied kiss to share.

  Oft did the harvest to their sickle yield,
      Their furrow oft the stubborn glebe has broke;
  How jocund did they drive their team afield!
      How bow'd the woods beneath their sturdy stroke!

  Let not Ambition mock their useful toil,
      Their homely joys, and destiny obscure;
  Nor Grandeur hear with a disdainful smile
      The short and simple annals of the poor.

  The boast of heraldry, the pomp of pow'r,
      And all that beauty, all that wealth e'er gave,
  Awaits alike th' inevitable hour.
      The paths of glory lead but to the grave.

  Nor you, ye proud, impute to these the fault,
      If Mem'ry o'er their tomb no trophies raise,
  Where thro' the long-drawn aisle and fretted vault
      The pealing anthem swells the note of praise.

  Can storied urn or animated bust
      Back to its mansion call the fleeting breath?
  Can Honour's voice provoke the silent dust,
      Or Flatt'ry soothe the dull cold ear of Death?

  Perhaps in this neglected spot is laid
      Some heart once pregnant with celestial fire;
  Hands, that the rod of empire might have sway'd,
      Or wak'd to ecstasy the living lyre.

  But Knowledge to their eyes her ample page
      Rich with the spoils of time did ne'er unroll;
  Chill Penury repress'd their noble rage,
      And froze the genial current of the soul.

  Full many a gem of purest ray serene,
      The dark unfathom'd caves of ocean bear:
  Full many a flow'r is born to blush unseen,
      And waste its sweetness on the desert air.

  Some village-Hampden, that with dauntless breast
      The little tyrant of his fields withstood;
  Some mute inglorious Milton here may rest,
        Some Cromwell guiltless of his country's blood.

  Th' applause of list'ning senates to command,
      The threats of pain and ruin to despise,
  To scatter plenty o'er a smiling land,
      And read their hist'ry in a nation's eyes,

  Their lot forbade: nor circumscrib'd alone
      Their growing virtues, but their crimes confin'd;
  Forbade to wade through slaughter to a throne,
      And shut the gates of mercy on mankind,

  The struggling pangs of conscious truth to hide,
      To quench the blushes of ingenuous shame,
  Or heap the shrine of Luxury and Pride
      With incense kindled at the Muse's flame.

  Far from the madding crowd's ignoble strife,
      Their sober wishes never learn'd to stray;
  Along the cool sequester'd vale of life
      They kept the noiseless tenor of their way.

  Yet ev'n these bones from insult to protect,
      Some frail memorial still erected nigh,
  With uncouth rhymes and shapeless sculpture deck'd,
      Implores the passing tribute of a sigh.

  Their name, their years, spelt by th' unletter'd muse,
      The place of fame and elegy supply:
  And many a holy text around she strews,
      That teach the rustic moralist to die.

  For who to dumb Forgetfulness a prey,
      This pleasing anxious being e'er resign'd,
  Left the warm precincts of the cheerful day,
      Nor cast one longing, ling'ring look behind?

  On some fond breast the parting soul relies,
      Some pious drops the closing eye requires;
  Ev'n from the tomb the voice of Nature cries,
      Ev'n in our ashes live their wonted fires.

  For thee, who mindful of th' unhonour'd Dead
      Dost in these lines their artless tale relate;
  If chance, by lonely contemplation led,
      Some kindred spirit shall inquire thy fate,

  Haply some hoary-headed swain may say,
      "Oft have we seen him at the peep of dawn
  Brushing with hasty steps the dews away
    To meet the sun upon the upland lawn.

  "There at the foot of yonder nodding beech
    That wreathes its old fantastic roots so high,
  His listless length at noontide would he stretch,
    And pore upon the brook that babbles by.

  "Hard by yon wood, now smiling as in scorn,
    Mutt'ring his wayward fancies he would rove,
  Now drooping, woeful wan, like one forlorn,
    Or craz'd with care, or cross'd in hopeless love.

  "One morn I miss'd him on the custom'd hill,
    Along the heath and near his fav'rite tree;
  Another came; nor yet beside the rill,
    Nor up the lawn, nor at the wood was he;

  "The next with dirges due in sad array
    Slow thro' the church-way path we saw him borne.
  Approach and read (for thou canst read) the lay,
    Grav'd on the stone beneath yon aged thorn."

THE EPITAPH


  Here rests his head upon the lap of Earth
    A youth to Fortune and to Fame unknown. 
  Fair Science frown'd not on his humble birth, 
    And Melancholy mark'd him for her own. 

  Large was his bounty, and his soul sincere, 
    Heav'n did a recompense as largely send: 
  He gave to Mis'ry all he had, a tear, 
    He gain'd from Heav'n ('twas all he wish'd) a friend. 

  No farther seek his merits to disclose, 
    Or draw his frailties from their dread abode, 
  (There they alike in trembling hope repose) 
    The bosom of his Father and his God.

Notes

Image: 'Stoke Pages' in Buckinghamshire UK

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Comments

1 - 8 of 8
  • lin
    2 days ago

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    "Classic" sort or means something that transcends the specifics a place and time.
    Does this really do that?
    It's got a famous hook-in, but is that because it's a line that can still nail us after all these years? A "She walks in beauty like the night"?
    Or is it just that they made us read it because somebody made them read it?

    Beyond that, what it's saying (quite apart from the fact that the simple Christian message is not as universally compelling as it once was) is something that could be stated in a a verse, maybe even a haiku. Or Robin Williams saying, "We're all food for worms."

  • Eusebius
    2 days ago
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    A classic. At one time it was required reading, but no more, unhappily....


  • October 2
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    Nadia's thanks

    From guest Nadia Prioni (contact)
    Thank you so much for the picture of the churchyard I was so curious about it... my job is to teach English literature and I was looking for an image to facilitate understanting... Great


  • November 24, 2007
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    Anyone, in modern language, what does this mean?

    From guest RevLindsay King (contact)
    Their lot forbade: nor circumscrib'd alone Their growing virtues, but their crimes confin'd; Forbade to wade through slaughter to a throne, And shut the gates of mercy on mankind, The struggling pangs of conscious truth to hide, To quench the blushes of ingenuous shame, Or heap the shrine of Luxury and Pride With incense kindled at the Muse's flame.


  • rufina caraid Moderators member
    October 13, 2007

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    I had to check out the churchyard Gray visited which unspired him to write such a long Elegy. 'Stoke Pages' in Buckinghamshire UK (Image above). It has given me a better understanding of the poem. The 9th stanza in particular tells me of the history associated with this particular church, maybe this was the focal point, not sure but I enjoyed this poem in part but a tad too long for me.
    Von


  • Black Comedy
    January 24, 2007
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    Helpful...

    All poems are not just a collection of words. To draw from previous research and to get an idea specifically on these words by Gray...and it does not prove enough to just know what it meant, but to ponder the thoughts, which revolved around such master pieces even after Gray left these words for our view.
    So, to read an critical essay on this Elegy's irony and sentimentality please visit the following site.
    http://rpo.library.utoronto.ca/poem/882.html#comment
    Thank you,
    Sam.


  • October 23, 2004
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    wonderful!


  • July 20, 2003
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    This is a poem which all developed countries must get familiarized with. It emphasizes that the standards of helping the poorer nations must be based from the needs and aspirations of those being helped rather than from the personal or political agenda of the helper because after all, "all paths of glory lead but to the grave...."


  • October 22, 2001
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    the 'yonder nodding beech' from this elegy was situated at burnham beeches in berkshire....gray would visit a relative who lived close by and would often go to the beeches whilst visiting...


  • October 11, 2001
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    very great rythm

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